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ميكانيكا السيارة يحتوى على المعلومات الفنية عن المحركات و أجزاءها و ناقل الحركة (الفتيس) و القابض (الدبرياج) و تجارب الصيانة الميكانيكية |
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أدوات الموضوع |
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اريد شرح كاملا عن نوع الفتيس الأتوماتيك العادي
السلام عليكم
شباب بعد اذنكم انا عايز شرح كامل عن الفتيس الاتوميتك العادى لانى سمعت عنه مش عندى معلومات كتير |
#2
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رد: اريد شرح كاملا عن نوع الفتيس الأتوماتيك العادي
How an Automatic Transmission Works
There are two types of transmissions most commonly used today, automatic and manual (stick shift). Most automatic transmissions have a service filter in the transmission pan that should be changed at manufacturer specified intervals. When servicing an automatic transmission a complete fluid flush is recommended to clean the many passages inside an automatic transmission and to get the fluid that is trapped in the torque converter. The driver selects a mode by maneuvering the gear shift lever, usually placed on the steering column or next to the driver's seat in the center console. In most cars it is necessary to depress the brake pedal before the gear selector can be moved from the Park position. Gear selection options usually include (P)park, (R)reverse, (N)neutral, (O)overdrive, (D)drive, (2)second and (L or 1)first gear in that order. The park or P mode locks the transmission mechanically. This restricts movement of car in any direction. This is achieved using a metal rod that engages the output shaft and prohibits movement. An automatic transmission functions by automatically changing the gear ratios while determining the speed and load of the engine. Automatic transmissions have been available since the 1950s. The automatic transmission is controlled by selecting a desired gear from the hydraulic gear engagement system. Automatic Transmission Gear Range Selector Inside the Automatic Transmission The automatic transmission consists of: a transmission case, planetary gear-sets, valve body, fluid cooler (in radiator) and a torque converter or fluid coupler. A torque converter utilizes transmission fluid as a coupling agent allowing the engine to run while the car is stopped without stalling the engine, then re-engaging to make the car move again once the RPM of the engine has increased. A series of clutches and band controlled planetary gear sets provide multiple forward gear ratios with a set reverse gear. The valve body is the hydraulic control center that receives pressurized fluid via the main transmission pump. This system is controlled by the PCM (power control module) in newer cars and mechanically in older ones (Pre-computer controls). AutomaticTransmission cut-away Image To prevent damage to the transmission the car should be at a complete stop before engaging the Park mode. Park mode is also one of the modes in which the car can be started; the other is the N or neutral position. The neutral or N mode is used to disengage the transmission from the drive wheels to let the car move freely. The drive or D mode allows the car to vary its speed through a range of forward gears, usually 4 forward gears exist, but companies like Audi, BMW, Lexus and Mercedes Benz have developed a direct shift gearbox that has up to 8 forward gears. The D4 mode is best suited for highway speeds and D3 can be used for around town driving. The first, 1 or L mode is meant to lock the transmission in first gear. In this mode a vehicle will move slowly but have more power that can be used when towing or on steep grades. The second, 2 or S mode is used to lock the transmission in the first two gears. This is used in extreme weather conditions like ice and snow and to govern vehicle speed. Automatic Transmission Computerized operating system with ABS Brake System Automatic transmissions make specific noises when a malfunction occurs. An automatic transmission is a hydraulic pressure driven system and it will make different noises than a manual transmission. If the transmission filter becomes plugged due to debris, it can make a whining noise. If the fluid level is low, you might hear a gurgling sound, caused by the pump scavenging fluid inside the transmission pan. Most internal failures are due to bearing, clutch or hard part failure. When such a failure occurs the transmission can make grinding, whirring sounds or no noise at all. When a transmission has a major failure you might hear a loud pop which could mean a drive component inside the transmission has failed and the car will stop moving. Some manufacturers have developed a continuously variable transmission or CVT. This type of transmission has become popular during the past few years. Instead of having set gear ratios, the system can change the amount of forward acceleration over a wide range of speeds. Two cones or wheels of varying diameter are used to change the gear ratio. Hydrostatic drives use a variable displacement pump and hydraulic motor to vary the ratio continuously according to the amount of throttle being given and the amount of load on the vehicle. Popular Problems Checks 1. Car will not go into gear:
Fluid Level and Leaks اسمها المجموعة الشمسية Transmission Planetary Gear Set One of the most common complaints with an automatic transmission is leaking fluid. Leaks can occur from the driveshaft seals, the input shaft seal, pan gasket, or the ATF (automatic transmission fluid) cooler or line connections. When adding transmission fluid, do not overfill. Doing so could cause the fluid to become aerated, which will affect transmission operation. If there are no visible leaks, check the radiator for ATF in the coolant. The ATF cooler inside the radiator may be leaking and cross-contaminating the radiator coolant. You should also check the condition of the fluid, some discoloration and darkening is normal as the fluid ages, but if the ATF is brown or has a burnt smell, it is badly oxidized and a transmission service needs to be performed. Most transmission problems can be prevented by changing the ATF and filter according to manufacturer specifications. In extreme conditions installing an aftermarket auxiliary ATF cooler parallel to the OEM ATF cooler is recommended. This prevents fluid overheating on vehicles used for towing or performance applications. :14369D ~149:
التعديل الأخير تم بواسطة cars admire ; 11-03-2011 الساعة 01:43 PM |
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رد: اريد شرح كاملا عن نوع الفتيس الأتوماتيك العادي
هيا الترجمة حتنزل امتي ان شاء الله
لاني مش فاهم حاجة خالصصصصصصصصصصصصصصصصص معلش الثقافة هندي
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سبحان الله وبحمده سبحان الله العظيم |
#4
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رد: اريد شرح كاملا عن نوع الفتيس الأتوماتيك العادي
see these videos above then |
#5
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رد: اريد شرح كاملا عن نوع الفتيس الأتوماتيك العادي
oh thanks bro for your replay
the first video was awesome but the last one and the 2 one look like the guys who explain is not professional any way thank you so much by way i need to know what you think about my last subject it`s about control in car speed check out and tell me |
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